Before turning to specific forms of treatment, we emphasize again: to make a drug addict’s treatment effective in any way, the addict himself must want to be treated. This should be a conscious decision. It could be argued that a teenage drug addict can not fully comprehend the scale of disaster which he fell in and, therefore, it is very difficult to take a firm and conscious decision. Right, this is the contradictory situation: for treatment of drug addiction - is to some extent treatment against pleasure. And who will volunteer to be treated against pleasure. Still, teachers and parents should make joint efforts to solve exactly this problem - beliefs.

Many years of drug treatment practice shows: medical facilities (even the latest) do not cope with drugs not only in society, but also one individual patient. Addiction is not an ordinary disease - this is a condition that changes the whole personality entirely. That is why medical and educational measures should be applied in complex.

It is said that rehabilitation can be both outpatient and inpatient. It should be noted that this division is arbitrary, since, ideally, hospital and outpatient rehabilitation should be combined into a single system of treatment and support, but as a rule, they are shared or one of the species is poorly developed. Consider a predominantly stationary methods of drug addict rehabilitation.

“Detox” program
Claimed time of withdrawals ending - 6 hours. A patient spends T\those hours in a state of sleep, caused by medical anesthesia, the same that is used during surgical operations. The essence of “Detox” procedure itself is introduction a drug from opiate antagonist class in a man, asleep under anesthesia. In the second stage, after a detoxification, a patient, at his request, is offered an endorphin drug, which should, according to the authors of the program, remove “buzz”, arising in a drug addict after taking heroin, and addiction to drugs for six months.

Unfortunately, chemical composition of the drug “Detox” program uses is a commercial secret, and passed no medical license.

Recently, under medical community pressure, commercial program “Detox” included psychology and psychotherapy in their proposals. This program is spread in the U.S. and Israel. Although only the first part of the program gained popularity, namely, rapid detoxification under general anesthesia. Approximate cost - 1500-5200 U.S. dollars. 100% effective guaranteed.

Coding
Coding - a term that unites rather heterogeneous group of medical procedures, after which the use of certain drugs can be dangerous to life and health. It is set of queuing, “coding” time - from one to six hours. Cost: around 100-500 dollars.

Methadone or a substitution therapy
This connection is opiates and has a characteristic of this class of pharmacological properties. The formula was synthesized in 1937, in 1942, they launched commercial production of the drug amidon that was used as an analgesic for experimental purposes. In the late 40-ies they conducted the first full-fledged clinical trials, and the drug was used in practice .. Unlike other opiates, methadone has a more prolonged half-life (time for which its content in blood decreases by 50%, compared with the maximum), which is 15-25 hours. It is this feature that made  its use for opiate substitution therapy possible, in particular heroin addiction. In the early 60-ies of the 20 century the technique was proposed by Vincent Dole and Marie Nyswander.

The essence of substitution therapy is that an addict goes from an illegal use of heroin, which is accompanied by various well-known health problems and crimes, to legal use of methadone. Substitution therapy is applicable to the most severe opiate addicts, poorly retained in therapeutic programs of other types.
Different countries have their own peculiarities of a patient’s inclusion in the program of substitution therapy. These may be restrictions on age, length of service use, health, failed attempts in treatment, and others.

Psychotherapy and drug treatment
It is important to note that psychotherapy should be used as in-patient and outpatient. Such its types as family therapy, as well as student-centered therapy are of great importance.

Psychotherapy is a crucial stage in rehabilitation of drug addicts in order to change settings, motivations, personality of the addict. They use such types of psychotherapy as: neurolinguistic programming, technology ericson guidance trance, gestalt therapy, psychoanalysis, psycho-techniques, methods that change existential psychotherapy motivations, Jackson humanist groups and many other techniques.

Any of these approaches can be both individual and group. We are talking about changing one’s character, actually re-education of the individual, and immediate results are impossible on this way.

The main objective of such programs is to develop the experience of life without drugs and the art of drug medium impact resistance (drug users and drug sellers). Construction of such programs should include:

• developing the ability to self-awareness and training of self-respect as a form of resistance to the influence of drug environment;
• identification training, development of ability to devote yourself from the environment and articulate your needs;
• development of independence and responsibility skills, the ability to make independent decisions;
• training of creative abilities;
• training, aimed at the ability to deal with stress without use of medicines and drugs;
• developing the ability to recognize the form of “agitation” and resist it;
• refusal training,development of the ability to say: “No”;
• development of skills to combat depression and failure, active personal positions.
• program of physical development of the organism - motor and breathing exercises.

Narcotics Anonymous
“Narcotics Anonymous” are a public - independent, non-medical, non-profit organization. NA unites those who refused use of drugs or are trying to do so - in order that they can help each other and themselves, to make the fullest use of enormous experience gained over decades of the organization (NA were based in the United States in the early thirties). NA motto - “Let’s help ourselves!”. NA, as well as WFTC rehabilitation centers, are working on “Twelve Steps” program - in fact they worked it out.

Hypnosis
Hypnosis refers to quite specific technique of suggestion in a state of artificial sleep. Hypnosis may be only a supporting method of one or other rehabilitation program. It can deepen the degree of former drug addict’s suggestibility. Hypnosis sessions will give greater authority to doctor’s words. It may help to understand a patient’s complexes, fears and neuroses associated with drugs.

Modern hypnosis is able to work without full immersion in sleep. There are techniques of “new hypnosis”, like Erikson’s method. A patient’s consciousness is clear, but the suggestion is carried out using so-called “trance states”. It is these complex techniques that are effective in addiction psychotherapeutic treatment.

Opium antagonists
During rehabilitation treatment, these drugs are used to cause a patient’s fear to drugs. A usual dose of the drug does not cause “buzz”. All these drugs are chemical analogs of the drug naltrexone, produced by different firms. Analogues: naloxone, dormikum, ReVia, antakson, noriman. These drugs may exist in tablet form or in the form of injections. Some of these drugs have prolonged form. A doctor may use them differently. He can prescribe a course of tablets accordng to a special scheme related to the peculiarities of pathological desire of heroin from a particular patient.

Antidepressants
Patients cannot do without drugs that reduce the severity of depression. Lack of interest in what is happening in the outside world, apathy, indifference, bad mood, difficulty of concentrating, amounting to a complete inability to concentrate, sometimes is overcome by a teenager with enormous difficulty.

Tramal
Tramal today is the most powerful drug after morphine painkillers. Moreover, the drug is showing its analgesic effect through action on the central nervous system. From this point of view, among other products, tramal can be used by doctors during patient’s drug detoxification.

Tramal should be prescribed in strictly therapeutic doses. Even in case of very severe pain syndromes, such as cancer, one should not take more than 300 - 400mg of tramal (6-8 capsules) per day.

Sedative and Hypnotic drug treatment
Use of these drugs alone is prohibited by law. Only a doctor has the right to prescribe them. Storage and use of such drugs without a doctor’s prescription is a criminal offense. Most of sedatives are divided into two groups: neuroleptics and tranquilizers.

They should not be used without a special kind of mental health data and evidence, forcing doctors to use them.

Tranquilizers. It should be understood that these drugs were created as a “throwaway” drugs. They were originally conceived as symptomatic treatment for anxiety. First of them - diazepam (also known as Seduxen, Relanium, Sibazon, etc.), a person suffering from excessive anxiety may from time to time take diazepam to reduce anxiety and tension. Addicts often use drugs of this group to get “high”. That is not using drugs for medicinal purposes, or to enhance drug intoxication, or as an alternative to it. All products in this group have a very narrow range of therapeutic activity. They are poisonous, some of them are a favorite tool for suicide in adolescence. This applies especially to “fashionable” among drug addicts drugs such as Relanium and reladorm

Conclusions: We reviewed the main approaches to drug rehabilitation. There are many others, such as: metabolic therapy, anticonvulsant therapy, stereotoxic surgery, acupuncture. But they are either not relevant to our time, or are subspecies of the above methods of treatment.
At the moment there are quite a number of methods and techniques of rehabilitation and treatment programs. All of them are quite diverse and have both advantages and disadvantages. Based on the above techniques, we can say that their main drawback is unfinished agenda, not compliance with the basic principle of “phasing, systematic and continuous approach”.